skfolio.uncertainty_set.BootstrapCovarianceUncertaintySet

class skfolio.uncertainty_set.BootstrapCovarianceUncertaintySet(prior_estimator=None, confidence_level=0.95, diagonal=True, n_bootstrap_samples=1000, block_size=None, seed=None)

Bootstrap Covariance Uncertainty set.

Compute the covariance ellipsoidal uncertainty set using circular bootstrap:

\[U_{\Sigma}=\left\{\Sigma\,|\left(\text{vec}(\Sigma)-\text{vec}(\hat{\Sigma})\right)S^{-1}\left(\text{vec}(\Sigma)-\text{vec}(\hat{\Sigma})\right)^{T}\leq k^{2}\,,\,\Sigma\succeq 0\right\}\]

The size of the ellipsoid \(\kappa\) (confidence region), is computed using:

\[\kappa^2 = \chi^2_{n\_assets^2} (\beta)\]

with \(\chi^2_{n\_assets^2}(\beta)\) the inverse cumulative distribution function of the chi-squared distribution with n_assets degrees of freedom at the \(\beta\) confidence level.

The Shape of the ellipsoid \(S\) is computed using stationary bootstrap with the option to force the non-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix to zero.

Parameters:

prior_estimatorBasePrior, optional

The prior estimator used to estimate the assets covariance matrix. The default (None) is to use EmpiricalPrior.

confidence_levelfloat , default=0.95

Confidence level \(\beta\) of the inverse cumulative distribution function of the chi-squared distribution. The default value is 0.95.

diagonalbool, default=True

If this is set to True, the non-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix are set to zero.

n_bootstrap_samplesint, default=1000

Number of bootstrap samples to generate. The default value is 1000.

block_sizefloat, optional

Bootstrap block size. The default (None) is to estimate the optimal block size using Politis & White algorithm for all individual assets.

seedint, optional

Random seed used to initialize the pseudo-random number generator

Attributes:

uncertainty_set_UncertaintySet

Covariance Uncertainty set UncertaintySet.

prior_estimator_BasePrior

Fitted prior_estimator.

Methods

fit(X[, y])	Fit the Bootstrap Covariance Uncertainty set estimator.
get_metadata_routing()	Get metadata routing of this object.
get_params([deep])	Get parameters for this estimator.
set_params(**params)	Set the parameters of this estimator.

References

[1]

“Portfolio Optimization: Theory and Application”, Chapter 14, Daniel P. Palomar (2025)

[2]

“Robustness properties of mean-variance portfolios”, Optimization: A Journal of Mathematical Programming and Operations Research, Schöttle & Werner (2009).

[3]

“Automatic Block-Length Selection for the Dependent Bootstrap”, Politis & White (2004).

[4]

“Correction to Automatic Block-Length Selection for the Dependent Bootstrap”, Patton, Politis & White (2009).

fit(X, y=None, **fit_params)

Fit the Bootstrap Covariance Uncertainty set estimator.

Parameters:

Xarray-like of shape (n_observations, n_assets)

Price returns of the assets.

yarray-like of shape (n_observations, n_factors), optional

Price returns of factors. The default is None.

**fit_paramsdict

Parameters to pass to the underlying estimators. Only available if enable_metadata_routing=True, which can be set by using sklearn.set_config(enable_metadata_routing=True). See Metadata Routing User Guide for more details.

Returns:

selfEmpiricalCovarianceUncertaintySet

Fitted estimator.

get_metadata_routing()

Get metadata routing of this object.

Please check User Guide on how the routing mechanism works.

Returns:

routingMetadataRequest

A MetadataRequest encapsulating routing information.

get_params(deep=True)

Get parameters for this estimator.

Parameters:

deepbool, default=True

If True, will return the parameters for this estimator and contained subobjects that are estimators.

Returns:

paramsdict

Parameter names mapped to their values.

set_params(**params)

Set the parameters of this estimator.

The method works on simple estimators as well as on nested objects (such as Pipeline). The latter have parameters of the form <component>__<parameter> so that it’s possible to update each component of a nested object.

Parameters:

**paramsdict

Estimator parameters.

Returns:

selfestimator instance

Estimator instance.